[7] English Jews had been expelled under Edward I in 1290 and were not permitted to return until 1656 under the rule of Oliver Cromwell. Door berichten dat Antonio's schepen zijn vergaan kan hij het geld niet terugbetalen. Directed by Michael Radford. The Duke then threatens to recant his pardon of Shylock's life unless he accepts these conditions. The line is inspired by the “Mude,” the maritime trade routes that covered a very large area from Asia to Africa, and on to Europe as far as the Northern Seas. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE by William Shakespeare - FULL AudioBook | Greatest Audio Books. The Merchant of Venice Themes. Edmond Haraucourt, French playwright and poet, was commissioned in the 1880s by the actor and theatrical director Paul Porel to make a French-verse adaptation of The Merchant of Venice. speech redeems him and even makes him into something of a tragic figure; in the speech, Shylock argues that he is no different from the Christian characters. More… The villainy you teach me, I will execute, and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction. All of the characters come from those two plays with the exception of Jeff (a monkey); the gigantic simpleton Drool; and Pocket, the Fool, who comes from Moore's earlier novel Fool, based on King Lear. The Merchant of Venice Annotated. The cast included. Het stuk gaat over een jonge edelman, Bassanio, die zichzelf met zijn bloedverwant en vriend, Antonio, in de problemen werkt door geld te lenen om de vrouw van zijn dromen voor zich te winnen. Antonio says he is content that the state waive its claim to half Shylock's wealth if he can have his one-half share "in use" until Shylock's death, when the principal would be given to Lorenzo and Jessica. The title page of the first edition in 1600 states that it had been performed "divers times" by that date. ), Other interpreters of the play regard Auden's conception of Antonio's sexual desire for Bassanio as questionable. Another interpretation of Shylock and a vision of how "must he be acted" appears at the conclusion of the autobiography of Alexander Granach, a noted Jewish stage and film actor in Weimar Germany (and later in Hollywood and on Broadway).[30]. Hath not a Jew eyes? Antonio parts with his gloves without a second thought, but Bassanio gives the ring only after much persuasion from Antonio, as earlier in the play he promised his wife never to lose, sell or give it. Granville cut the clownish Gobbos[22] in line with neoclassical decorum; he added a jail scene between Shylock and Antonio, and a more extended scene of toasting at a banquet scene. Antonia is The Merchant of Venice. Shortly after Kristallnacht in 1938, The Merchant of Venice was broadcast for propagandistic ends over the German airwaves. Bassanio and Gratiano leave for Venice, with money from Portia, to save Antonio's life by offering the money to Shylock. Antonio agrees, but since he is cash-poor – his ships and merchandise are busy at sea to Tripolis, the Indies, Mexico and England – he promises to cover a bond if Bassanio can find a lender, so Bassanio turns to the Jewish moneylender Shylock and names Antonio as the loan's guarantor. See a complete list of the characters in The Merchant of Venice and in-depth analyses of Shylock, Portia,... Main Ideas. Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions; fed with the same food, hurt with the same weapons, subject to the same diseases, healed by the same means, warmed and cooled by the same winter and summer as a Christian is? The Merchant of Venice Frank Finlay (right) is Shylock in a 1972 production of The Merchant of Venice . BASSANIO Lorenzo and Salerio, welcome hither; If that the youth of my new interest here Have power to bid you welcome. In 16th century Venice, when a merchant must default on a large loan from an abused Jewish moneylender for a friend with romantic ambitions, the bitterly vengeful creditor demands a gruesome payment instead. [71][72], Sarah B. Mantell's Everything that Never Happened is a play first produced in 2017 at the Yale School of Drama. Watch later. Having squandered his estate, he needs 3,000 ducats to subsidise his expenditures as a suitor. Lecture by James Shapiro: "Shakespeare and the Jews". SALARINO Her father left a will stipulating that each of her suitors must choose correctly from one of three caskets, made of gold, silver and lead respectively. Whether Bassanio had not once a love. Lezers doen er goed aan het stuk te lezen met de voetnoten erbij, daarna het stuk te bekijken – als toneelstuk en/of als film – en het daarna nogmaals te lezen. This page was last edited on 31 March 2021, at 21:35. The last suitor is Bassanio, whom Portia wishes to succeed, having met him before. And if you wrong us, shall we not revenge? There was, states Auden, a traditional "association of sodomy with usury", reaching back at least as far as Dante, with which Shakespeare was likely familiar. The Merchant of Venice, comedy in five acts by William Shakespeare, written about 1596–97 and printed in a quarto edition in 1600 from an authorial manuscript or copy of one. De erfenis van leder komt hier tot uitdrukking door een geur signatuur die de warme en kruidige akkoorden van saffraan omvat, kundig gecombineerd met delicate, w.. Bestellen. speech when deciding whether or not to rape his Jewish maid. speech on humanity. (Later, Thomas Heyes' son and heir Laurence Heyes asked for and was granted a confirmation of his right to the play, on 8 July 1619.) To bait fish withal; if it will feed nothing else, it will feed my revenge. Deze heeft echter nog wat te vereffenen met Antonio, en neemt een bijzondere clausule in de overeenkomst op: als Antonio het geld niet terugbetaalt heeft Shylock recht op een pond vlees uit het lichaam van Antonio. The 1600 edition is generally regarded as being accurate and reliable. De koopman van Venetië. But contrary to the traditional comedies of Shakespeare’s time, it is a deep and moving play, so sometimes it can be classified as a tragedy. When Antonio, a Christian, asked for money, Shylock agreed to lend it to him on one condition: if the debt was not repaid by a certain date the debtor would forfeit a pound of flesh. Antonio also asks that "for this favor" Shylock convert to Christianity and bequeath his entire estate to Lorenzo and Jessica. Het kreeg de titel Shylock. Shylock. [66], The Pianist is a 2002 film based on a memoir by Władysław Szpilman. speech to his brother Władysław in the Warsaw Ghetto during the Nazi occupation in World War II. In this play Shylock gets his wealth back and becomes a Jew again. Defeated, Shylock consents to accept Bassanio's offer of money for the defaulted bond: first his offer to pay "the bond thrice", which Portia rebuffs, telling him to take his bond, and then merely the principal; but Portia also prevents him from doing this, on the ground that he has already refused it "in the open court". Zij heeft 3 doosjes, eentje van goud, eentje van zilver en eentje van lood. [8] In Venice and in some other places, Jews were required to wear a red hat at all times in public to make sure that they were easily identified, and had to live in a ghetto. Although classified as a comedy in the First Folio and sharing certain aspects with Shakespeare's other romantic comedies, the play is most remembered for its dramatic scenes, and it is best known for Shylock and his famous "Hath not a Jew eyes?" At Belmont, Bassanio receives a letter telling him that Antonio has been unable to repay the loan from Shylock. Meer gemak en voordeel met Select. Volgens sommigen heeft het stuk dan ook een antisemitische strekking, maar dit wordt door anderen bestreden. What's that good for? For other uses, see. Tell her the process of Antonio's end, [56][57], Arnold Wesker's play The Merchant (1976) is a reimagining of Shakespeare's story. The play has inspired many adaptions and several works of fiction. Caldecott, Henry Stratford (1895). The doctor is Portia in disguise, and the law clerk who accompanies her is Nerissa, also disguised as a man. Het gerechtshof vindt Shylock wel erg meedogenloos, maar is bang voor de precedentwerking als het de in de overeenkomst vastgelegde rechten schendt. This was the first known attempt by a dramatist to reverse the negative stereotype that Shylock personified. Het verhaal met de koopman, de arme minnaar, de mooie dame en de schurkachtige jood was toen al terug te vinden in een aantal contemporaine Italiaanse verhalenbundels waaruit Shakespeare heel wat stof ontleende. However, Shylock adamantly refuses any compensations and insists on the pound of flesh. The Merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeare's most popular comedies, but it remains deeply controversial. The play was entered in the Register of the Stationers Company, the method at that time of obtaining copyright for a new play, by James Roberts on 22 July 1598 under the title The Merchant of Venice, otherwise called The Jew of Venice. The Merchant of Venice is a 16th-century play written by William Shakespeare in which a merchant in Venice named Antonio defaults on a large loan provided by a Jewish moneylender, Shylock. Antonio's kapitaal staat uit op zee, dus deze leent het geld bij Shylock, de geldschieter. Degene die de juiste uitkiest, mag met haar trouwen. Shylock has become more determined to exact revenge from Christians because his daughter Jessica eloped with the Christian Lorenzo and converted. Shylock's fatal flaw is to depend on the law, but "would he not walk out of that courtroom head erect, the very apotheosis of defiant hatred and scorn? It is difficult to know whether the sympathetic reading of Shylock is entirely due to changing sensibilities among readers – or whether Shakespeare, a writer who created complex, multi-faceted characters, deliberately intended this reading. Bassanio, een jonge edelman, leent via zijn vriend Antonio geld om indruk te kunnen maken op Portia, zijn droomvrouw. Antonio can't repay the loan, and without mercy, Shylock demands a pound of his flesh. The Merchant of Venice is considered a romantic comedy. LORENZO I thank your honour. For instance, in the 2004 film adaptation directed by Michael Radford and starring Al Pacino as Shylock, the film begins with text and a montage of how Venetian Jews are cruelly abused by bigoted Christians. "[13] Cumberland later wrote a successful play, The Jew (1794), in which his title character, Sheva, is portrayed sympathetically, as both a kindhearted and generous man. In 1741, Charles Macklin returned to the original text in a very successful production at Drury Lane, paving the way for Edmund Kean seventy years later (see below). Portia and Bassanio marry, as do Gratiano and Portia's handmaid Nerissa. The Merchant of Venice Story in English | Stories for Teenagers | English Fairy Tales - YouTube. … In addition to this Shakespeare gives Shylock one of his most eloquent speeches: Salerio. [59], David Henry Wilson's play Shylock's Revenge, was first produced at the University of Hamburg in 1989, and follows the events in The Merchant of Venice. 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